Tuberculosis and HIV disease
November 2004 View PDF En
español
First line anti-TB drugs
Ethambutol (Myambutol)
Side effects:
rash, joint pain, gut upset, fever, headache, dizziness, eyesight
problems
Possible drug interactions:
Antacids
Notes:
Check eyesight often. Drug assistance program: 1-800-859-8586
Isoniazid (Nydrazid)
Side effects:
gut upset, loss of appetite, fever, rash, liver problems, peripheral
neuropathy
Possible drug interactions:
phenytoin, antacids, alcohol, steroids
Notes:
Take on an empty stomach. Take pyridoxine (vitamin B6) to prevent
peripheral neuropathy. Monitor liver function
Pyrazinamide (Tebrazid)
Side effects:
gut upset, fever, rash, joint pain, hepatitis, gout, light sensitivity
Notes:
Monitor liver function
Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
Side effects:
gut upset, rash, fever, orange urine/tears/saliva, light sensitivity,
liver problems, acute renal failure
Possible drug interactions:
protease inhibitors, NNRTIs, "-azole" anti-fungal drugs,
oral contraceptives, methadone, dapsone
Notes:
Take on an empty stomach
Second line anti-TB drugs
Amikacin (Amikin)
Side effects:
inner ear damage, kidney problems, joint pain
Possible drug interactions:
some antibiotics, diuretics
Notes:
Must be injected. Contraindicated for pregnant women
Capreomycin (Capastat)
Side effects:
inner ear damage, kidney problems
Possible drug interactions:
some antibiotics
Notes:
Must be injected. Contraindicated for pregnant women
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Side effects:
nausea, diarrhea, stomach cramps, headache, rash, seizures, allergic
reaction
Possible drug interactions:
antacids, caffeine
Notes:
Drug assistance program: 1-800-998-9180
Clofazimine (Lamprene)
Side effects:
gut upset with severe cramps, rash, eye irritation, coloring of
skin and body fluids
Notes:
Take with food
Cycloserine (Seromycin)
Side effects:
dizziness, headache, mood changes, seizures, neuropathy
Possible drug interactions:
alcohol, ethionamide, isoniazid
Ethionamide (Trecator)
Side effects:
gut upset, rash, loss of appetite, liver problems
Kanamycin
Side effects:
Same as capreomycin
Notes:
Contraindicated for pregnant women
Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
Side effects:
gut upset, sleep problems, headaches
Possible drug interactions:
antacids, insulin
Ofloxacin (Floxin)
Side effects:
gut upset, rash, dizziness, sleep problems, anxiety, headache, seizures,
allergic reaction, thrush
Possible drug interactions:
antacids
Para-aminosalicylic
Side effects:
acid gut upset, liver problems
Rifabutin (Mycobutin)
Side effects:
gut upset, rash, eye inflammation, blood cell changes, joint pain,
orange urine/tears/saliva, liver function changes, fever
Possible drug interactions:
protease inhibitors, fluconazole, oral contraceptives, steroids,
methadone
Notes:
Avoid wearing soft contact lenses as they can become discolored
Rifapentine (Priftin)
Side effects:
gut upset, rash, hepatitis, orange urine/tears/saliva, light sensitivity,
acute renal failure, fever
Possible drug interactions:
alcohol, protease inhibitors, oral contraceptives
Notes:
Long-acting form of rifampin taken once or twice a week. Drug assistance
program: 1-800-221-4025
Streptomycin
Side effects:
nausea, rash, inner ear damage, kidney problems
Possible drug interactions:
some antibiotics
Notes:
Monitor hearing. Contraindicated for pregnant women. Drug assistance
program: 1-800-254-4445
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