How to prevent PCP

May 2008     View PDF     En español

How can I tell if I have PCP?

Most people have been exposed to the fungus that causes PCP. Most people’s immune systems keep it in check, never allowing the fungus to take hold and cause disease. People are at higher risk for PCP when their immune systems are severely compromised, such as CD4 cell counts below 200–300.

As the infection develops, lung problems start to occur. Symptoms can worsen quickly or gradually over a period of weeks or months. Common symptoms are fever, cough, shortness of breath, weight loss or a general sense of illness. The cough usually does not produce mucous and for that reason it’s called a dry cough. You may first notice some of these symptoms after exercise or other physical movement.

PCP is a serious illness. People with PCP may die if the infection is not treated promptly. Anyone who has these symptoms should report them to their doctors as soon as possible. Your doctor will diagnose for PCP based upon your symptoms and by using a chest x-ray, CT scan and blood oxygen tests or by taking a sample of fluid or tissue from the lungs.